ВЫПОЛНЯЕМ ТРЕНИРОВОЧНЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ ЕГЭ
Do you know how old this popular drink is? In 1886 a chemist from Atlanta, John Pemberton, ________MAKE__________ a syrup from cola-nut extract, cocoa leaves, some vegetable extracts, caffeine, and sugar.
He ran the _______ONE___________ advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal.
He started ________SERVE__________ the syrup diluted with soda-water to customers in his drugstore.
That’s how the world famous drink _________INVENT_________.
College life
We are a family of five. My ________OLD__________ sister, Heather, is in her second year in college. This year she could not find a book she needed.
When the professor assigned reading from a hard-to-find book, 150 hands shot in the air to inform him they _________NOT HAVE_________ it. He told them it had arrived at the bookstore that morning.
When the class was over, Heather sprinted to the bookstore, grabbed a copy and rushed to the cashier. The cashier saw Heather and began ringing the bell for assistance, a look of panic on her face. “How many ________BE__________ there behind you?” she demanded.
Демоверсия ЕГЭ 2013 г
Уважаемые лингвисты!
Преобразуйте,
если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов.
How old is Coca-Cola?Do you know how old this popular drink is? In 1886 a chemist from Atlanta, John Pemberton, ________MAKE__________ a syrup from cola-nut extract, cocoa leaves, some vegetable extracts, caffeine, and sugar.
He ran the _______ONE___________ advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal.
He started ________SERVE__________ the syrup diluted with soda-water to customers in his drugstore.
That’s how the world famous drink _________INVENT_________.
College life
We are a family of five. My ________OLD__________ sister, Heather, is in her second year in college. This year she could not find a book she needed.
When the professor assigned reading from a hard-to-find book, 150 hands shot in the air to inform him they _________NOT HAVE_________ it. He told them it had arrived at the bookstore that morning.
When the class was over, Heather sprinted to the bookstore, grabbed a copy and rushed to the cashier. The cashier saw Heather and began ringing the bell for assistance, a look of panic on her face. “How many ________BE__________ there behind you?” she demanded.
Демоверсия ЕГЭ 2013 г
Уважаемые лингвисты!
Поздравляю с успешной сдачей зачета и защитой курсовых!
Значение устойчивых выражений UPSTREAM ADVANCED C1 WB, p.15
to swing a cat
«Качать кошку». Cat в этом контексте означает
кошку, ременную плеть, состоящую из нескольких хвостов (cat o' (= of) nine
tails ). На кораблях кошками наказывали моряков. Наказание совершалось на
палубе, так как в трюме было мало места. Выражение there's no room to swing a
cat (негде повернуться) относится к очень узкой комнате, тесному помещению. I don't like Nina's flat. There's no room to swing a
cat. — Мне не нравится квартира Нины. Там негде повернуться. По другой
версии, слово cat в Шотландии значит жулик, мошенник, и to swing a cat значит
повесить жулика (имеется в виду виселица).
a place in the sun - a
position of favour or advantage a place in the sun (a (или one's) place in the
sun) место под солнцем [выражение, переведённое с la place au soleil (B.
Pascal, 1623-66, ‘Pensées’), впоследствии было забыто и снова переведено с
Platz an der Sonne (из речи Вильгельма II в 1911 г.)] Again, during the postwar boom, the struggle of
out-of-town groups for a "place in the sun" has become significant. (V.
Perlo, ‘The Empire of High Finance’, ch. II) — Во время послевоенного бума
борьба провинциальных групп за "место под солнцем" стала усиливаться.
all at sea Беспомощность
человека, потерявшегося в море. Раньше моряки очень часто попадали в такие
ситуации. Хотя простейшие компасы были известны в Европе уже в XIII в., они
были слишком неточны. Небольшие суда обычно держались в пределах береговой
видимости. Однако иногда они сбивались с курса или ветры уносили их в открытое
море. Если капитан терял курс, то корабль неизбежно попадал в беду. Среди
океана экипаж был буквально all at sea . Заимствованная у мореплавателей фраза
стала широко употребляться, означая состояние замешательства или смущения. Many children were found to be utterly at sea when
asked to explain how a shop functions. — Многие дети оказались в тупике, когда их попросили объяснить, как работает магазин.
go off the rails- begin behaving in an uncontrolled or unacceptable way
go off the rails informal begin behaving in a strange, abnormal, or wildly
uncontrolled way go off the rails а) сойти с рельс б) выбиться из колеи, растеряться
the sky is the limit предела нет The sky is the limit for the team. — Этой команде всё по
силам. The sky is the limit when it comes to cost and those in search of the
ultimate state-of-the-art kitchen may get little change out of €200,000. —
Когда речь заходит о стоимости, любые ограничения отпадают, и тому, кто ищет
кухню, оснащённую по последнему слову техники, возможно, придётся выложить не
меньше двухсот тысяч евро. the sky is the limit there is practically no limit
(to something such as a price that can be charged or the opportunities afforded
to someone) the sky is the limit нет предела, беспредельно, неограниченно (о
трате денег, об оплате чего-л.)
Читаем экологическую сказку, сочиняем свою.
The Mighty Blade of Grass
One day, the trees spoke to the grass:
"We are so sorry for you, grass. There is no one in the forest who would be shorter than you. They all tread on you. They take it for granted that you are so soft and pliant. As for them, they all claim a respect: people, and beasts, and birds. They say, we are proud and high. You, grass, should grow taller."But the grass answered them proudly:
"We are so sorry for you, grass. There is no one in the forest who would be shorter than you. They all tread on you. They take it for granted that you are so soft and pliant. As for them, they all claim a respect: people, and beasts, and birds. They say, we are proud and high. You, grass, should grow taller."But the grass answered them proudly:
"Don't feel pity for me, dear trees. Even though I am short, I am very useful. When they tread on me, I am only too glad. I am for covering the earth; the green carpet is more pleasant to walk upon then the bare earth. If someone is caught in a rain, and paths are muddy, they can wipe their feet on me, as if I am a clean towel. I am always clear and fresh after rain. And in the morning, when I am covered with dew, they can even wash with me.
“Besides, dear trees, I only seem to be weak. Look at me closely. When they tread me under foot, I remain whole. Not only people, but a cow or a horse also walk upon me, and they are fairly heavy, maybe a thousand pounds—and still I stand. Even a heavy truck may pass over me, and still I will stay alive. A heavy weight will press down on me, but I will endure. Little by little, I draw myself up, and again I swing as before. You trees, even though you are tall, cannot sometimes stand the strong wind, but I, because I am low and humble, I don't mind any hurricane."
Silently the trees listened, and could not object. Then the grass continued:
"If I am destined to be born where people make a path, I still do not perish. They tread on me day by day, they press me into the mud, but again I stretch myself out to the light and heat of the Sun. Weeds and plantain even like to grow on a road. For all their life they seem to test their own strength, and they never surrender."
Thereupon the trees called out:
"Yeah, little grass, a great strength is concealed in you."
The mighty oak said:
"I do recall now, that the city birds told me how you break through a road pavement. I did not believe them then, and laughed. No wonder that I did: people with punchers hardly manage in this, while you are so small."
The grass joyfully exclaimed:
"Yeah, dear oak, for us a road pavement is not a problem. The newborn dandelion sprouts spring through a road pavement in the cities, breaking it into seams."
A birch, that kept silent so far, said:
"As for me, O grass, I never thought you useless. It is long since I adore your beauty. We the trees, have but one face, while you are so many-sided. There are so many faces on a glade: the sunny camomiles, and red eyes of carnations, and golden buttons of tansies, and tender bluebells, and merry rosebay. My friend forester said that there are 20 thousand herb species in our country, and only two thousand species of trees and bushes.”
At this point a doe-hare intervened, who brought her young hares to the glade:
"We, hares, also bow low before you, O grass. I did not know that you are so strong, but I always knew that you are very wholesome. You are the best dainty for us, sappy and nourishing. Many wild animals would prefer you above any other food. Even a giant elk bows his head before you. People can't live without you. They specially grow you at their fields and vegetable gardens. Wheat and rye, corn and rice, various vegetables—they too are herbs. And how rich are you in vitamins!"
Now, there was some rustle in the bushes, and the doe-hare quickly ran away with her leverets. This was very timely, because a skinny brown fox ran out into the glade. Immediately it proceeded to bite round the green blades of grass.
"Fox, you are a predator, how come that you eat grass?" the trees wondered.
"I do it not for eat, but to cure myself. Beasts always cure themselves with grass. Didn't you know?" the fox replied.
"Not only beasts, but people also use grass to cure many illnesses," the grass explained. "An old lady, an herb healer, told me that herbs are a veritable drugstore full of precious medicine."
"Yeah, grass, indeed you are able to heal, and in this you are like us," a pine-tree said.
"O pine-tree, I resemble trees not only in this respect. Since our talk took such a turn, I will tell you an ancient mystery of our origin," the grass said solemnly. "Usually we, herbs, do not disclose it to anybody. So listen to me: long time ago the herbs were tree-like, they were the mighty ones. It was millions of years ago. Since then, manifold were the ordeals to which those giants were subjected. Those who found themselves under the most difficult conditions were constantly decreasing in size, until they became a grass. Therefore, it is no wonder that I am so strong."
Now, the trees started to search for similarities between themselves and the grass. They were arguing and interrupting each other, but finally they were exhausted and quieted down. And then, the grass asked them:
"Do you think you should have a pity upon someone who does not need any pity?"
And all trees agreed with her.
Questions and exercises for the tale:
• What do you think is the best place for grass to grow?
• In your estimation, what is the most unusual thing about a grass?
• Who else in nature has a great power?
• Imagine that one day the trees, flowers and herbs engaged in competition with each other in strength and dexterity. Who do you think was the winner?
• Which herbs are the friends to various trees, and why? Is there such a grass in the forest which would be a friend to everybody?
“Besides, dear trees, I only seem to be weak. Look at me closely. When they tread me under foot, I remain whole. Not only people, but a cow or a horse also walk upon me, and they are fairly heavy, maybe a thousand pounds—and still I stand. Even a heavy truck may pass over me, and still I will stay alive. A heavy weight will press down on me, but I will endure. Little by little, I draw myself up, and again I swing as before. You trees, even though you are tall, cannot sometimes stand the strong wind, but I, because I am low and humble, I don't mind any hurricane."
Silently the trees listened, and could not object. Then the grass continued:
"If I am destined to be born where people make a path, I still do not perish. They tread on me day by day, they press me into the mud, but again I stretch myself out to the light and heat of the Sun. Weeds and plantain even like to grow on a road. For all their life they seem to test their own strength, and they never surrender."
Thereupon the trees called out:
"Yeah, little grass, a great strength is concealed in you."
The mighty oak said:
"I do recall now, that the city birds told me how you break through a road pavement. I did not believe them then, and laughed. No wonder that I did: people with punchers hardly manage in this, while you are so small."
The grass joyfully exclaimed:
"Yeah, dear oak, for us a road pavement is not a problem. The newborn dandelion sprouts spring through a road pavement in the cities, breaking it into seams."
A birch, that kept silent so far, said:
"As for me, O grass, I never thought you useless. It is long since I adore your beauty. We the trees, have but one face, while you are so many-sided. There are so many faces on a glade: the sunny camomiles, and red eyes of carnations, and golden buttons of tansies, and tender bluebells, and merry rosebay. My friend forester said that there are 20 thousand herb species in our country, and only two thousand species of trees and bushes.”
At this point a doe-hare intervened, who brought her young hares to the glade:
"We, hares, also bow low before you, O grass. I did not know that you are so strong, but I always knew that you are very wholesome. You are the best dainty for us, sappy and nourishing. Many wild animals would prefer you above any other food. Even a giant elk bows his head before you. People can't live without you. They specially grow you at their fields and vegetable gardens. Wheat and rye, corn and rice, various vegetables—they too are herbs. And how rich are you in vitamins!"
Now, there was some rustle in the bushes, and the doe-hare quickly ran away with her leverets. This was very timely, because a skinny brown fox ran out into the glade. Immediately it proceeded to bite round the green blades of grass.
"Fox, you are a predator, how come that you eat grass?" the trees wondered.
"I do it not for eat, but to cure myself. Beasts always cure themselves with grass. Didn't you know?" the fox replied.
"Not only beasts, but people also use grass to cure many illnesses," the grass explained. "An old lady, an herb healer, told me that herbs are a veritable drugstore full of precious medicine."
"Yeah, grass, indeed you are able to heal, and in this you are like us," a pine-tree said.
"O pine-tree, I resemble trees not only in this respect. Since our talk took such a turn, I will tell you an ancient mystery of our origin," the grass said solemnly. "Usually we, herbs, do not disclose it to anybody. So listen to me: long time ago the herbs were tree-like, they were the mighty ones. It was millions of years ago. Since then, manifold were the ordeals to which those giants were subjected. Those who found themselves under the most difficult conditions were constantly decreasing in size, until they became a grass. Therefore, it is no wonder that I am so strong."
Now, the trees started to search for similarities between themselves and the grass. They were arguing and interrupting each other, but finally they were exhausted and quieted down. And then, the grass asked them:
"Do you think you should have a pity upon someone who does not need any pity?"
And all trees agreed with her.
Questions and exercises for the tale:
• What do you think is the best place for grass to grow?
• In your estimation, what is the most unusual thing about a grass?
• Who else in nature has a great power?
• Imagine that one day the trees, flowers and herbs engaged in competition with each other in strength and dexterity. Who do you think was the winner?
• Which herbs are the friends to various trees, and why? Is there such a grass in the forest which would be a friend to everybody?
ОЛИМПИАДА для школьников "НАВСТРЕЧУ МИРУ".
Уважаемые лингвисты, если тематика курсовых вас не "зацепила", предложите свои варианты. Определяйтесь быстрее, время не ждёт!
ТЕМАТИКА РАБОТ ПО ЛИНГВИСТИКЕ
Методические рекомендации для написания курсовой работы по английскому языку.
Формула
№1.
Subject + have Object (дополнение) + V3Подлеж. (в нужном времени) неодуш.сущ. причастие прош.времени |
(Ему
починили часы)
1.
В каузативной конструкции подлежащее не является деятелем (не выполяет действие
само) но! организовывает его или просит у профессионала выполнить действие.
She designs clothes (active
verb). - She has clothes designed. (Для неё разработают дизайн одежды)
She wants to design clothes
(active infinitive). - She wants to have clothes designed. (Она хочет, чтобы для неё разработали дизайн одежды).
She likes designing clothes
(-ing форма). - She likes having clothes designed. (Она любит,
когда для неё разрабатывают дизайн одежды).
Active
|
Causative
Construction
|
|
Present
Simple
|
He
paints the wall
|
He has the wall painted
|
Present
Continuous
|
He is painting the wall
|
He is having the wall
painted
|
Past
Simple
|
He
painted the wall
|
He had the wall painted
|
Past
Continuous
|
He was painting the wall
|
He was having the wall
painted
|
Future
Simple
|
He will paint the wall
|
He will have the wall
painted
|
Future
Continuous
|
He will be painting the
wall
|
He will be having the wall
painted
|
Present
Perfect
|
He has painted the wall
|
He has had the wall
painted
|
Present
Perfect Continuous
|
He has been
painting the wall
|
He has been having
the wall painted
|
Past
Perfect
|
He had painted the wall
|
He had had the wall
painted
|
Past
Perfect Continuous
|
He had been painting the
wall
|
He had been having the
wall painted
|
Infinitive
|
He wants to paint the wall
|
He wants to have the wall
painted
|
ing-
form
|
He likes painting the wall
|
He likes having the wall
painted
|
2.
Чтобы задать вопрос или образовать отрицательную форму, добавляем вспомогательный
глагол c частицей not в зависимости от времени в предложении. Например, добавляем
don't/doesn't для Present Simple или didn't для Past Simple.
Jack hasn't (has not) had
his jeans washed. (Джеку
не постирали джинсы).
Present Perfect
3.
В разговорной речи обычно используется get
вместо have.
Did Mary have/get her hair
dyed? (Мери
покрасилась?)
4.
Каузативные конструкции часто используются вместо пассивного залога, когда мы
говорим о несчастных случаях или неудачах.
Adam had his phone stolen.
(вместо Adam's phone was stolen)
Формула №2.
Subject +
have + person (дополнение) + bare infinitive
Подлеж. (в нужном времени) одуш.сущ. инфинитив без частицы to
Если
в формуле на месте дополнения стоит лицо, в таком случае каузативный оборот
имеет значение "возложить на кого-то ответственность сделать
что-либо".
Please, have your secretary
make a copy of the last project.
Dr.Brainard had the nurse
make an injection.
1.
Если вместо глагола have может
употребляется глагол make со значением
"заставить кого-либо сделать что либо"
My mother made me apologize
for what I had said.
Who made you wear this ugly
shirt?
My grandmother makes me do
homework every day.
2.
Вместо have также может употребляться глагол get, который имеет более разговорную окраску и означает
"убедить, втянуть кого-либо в что-нибудь"
Mary got her daughter to get
the medicine.
How can teachers get pupils
to read more?
The government tries to get
people to stop smoking.
Обратите
внимание!!! после глагола get в каузативном
обороте инфинитив употребляется с частицей to!!!
Сравните значение:
He got the mechanic to check
the brakes.- Он
убедил механика проверить тормоза.
He had the mechanic check
the brakes. - Он попросил механика проверить тормоза.
Вводные
фразы для написания эссе на английском языке.
Начало эссе (фактически -
сочинения на заданную тему) - постановка проблемы. В первом абзаце (введении)
необходимо сообщить читателю тему Вашего эссе, перефразировав ее, используя
синонимы ключевых слов (показывая, что вы её осмыслили). Затем следует
намекнуть читателю, какую позицию займете Вы. Используйте безличные или
неопределенно-личные предложения, чтобы подчеркнуть свою объективность.
- 1 Many people think … but others do not agree. Многие люди думают, (что) ... , но другие не согласны.2. Let us consider what the advantages and disadvantages of … are. Рассмотрим, каковы преимущества и недостатки ... .3. Let’s consider some pros and cons of it. Давайте рассмотрим некоторые плюсы и минусы (этого).4. Let us start by considering the facts. Начнем с рассмотрения фактов.5. Let us start by considering pros and cons of it. Начнем с рассмотрения плюсов и минусов (этого).6. It is generally agreed today that … Сегодня общепризнано, что ... .
Следующие фразы можно
использовать, если требуется рассмотреть аргументы "за" и
"против". Не забывайте использовать слова-связки.
Следующие фразы можно
использовать, если требуется рассмотреть аргументы "за" и
"против". Не забывайте использовать слова-связки.
- 7. To begin with, … . Начнем с того, что ... .8. You can … . Вы можете (Можно) ... .9. Firstly, ... / Secondly, ... / Finally, ... . Во-первых, ... / Во-вторых, .../ Наконец, ... .10. One argument in support of ... . Один из аргументов в поддержку ... .11. The first thing that needs to be said is ... . Первое, что нужно сказать, это то, что ... . (Прежде всего, следует сказать, что … .)12. First and foremost … . В первую очередь … .
-
13. It is true that ... / clear that ... / noticeable that ... . Это правда, что ... / Ясно, что ... / Примечательно, что ...14. One should note here that ... . Здесь следует отметить, что ... .
-
15. Another good thing about … is that … . Еще один положительный момент … заключается в (том, что) ... .
16. The
second reason for ... . Вторая причина ... .
17. It
is often said that ... . Часто говорят, что ... .
18. It
is undeniable that... Нельзя отрицать, что ... .
19. It
is a well-known fact that ... . Хорошо известно, что ... .
20. For
the great majority of people ... . Для подавляющего большинства людей
... .
21. We
live in a world in which ... . Мы живем в мире, в котором ... .
22. A
number of key issues arise from the statement. For instance, ... . Это утверждение затрагивает
ряд ключевых вопросов. Например, ... .
23. One
of the most striking features of this problem is ... . Один из самых поразительных
аспектов этой проблемы ... .
24. First
of all, let us try to understand ... . Прежде всего, давайте попытаемся понять ... .
25. The
public in general tend to believe that ... . Общественность
в целом склонна полагать, что ... .
26. What
is more, … . Более того, ... .
27. Besides,
… because it is … . Кроме того, ... потому что ... .
28. Doubtless,
... .
Несомненно,
... .
29. One
cannot deny that ... . Нельзя отрицать, что ... .
30. It
is (very) clear from these observations that ... . Из этих наблюдений (абсолютно)
ясно, что ... .
31. On
the other hand, we can observe that ... . С другой стороны, мы можем наблюдать, что ... .
32. The
other side of the coin is, however, that ... . Однако,
с другой стороны, ... .
33. Another
way of looking at this question is to ... . Чтобы
взглянуть на эту проблему с другой стороны, надо ... .
34. One
should, nevertheless, consider the problem from another angle. Тем
не менее, следует взглянуть на эту проблему с другой стороны.
35. One
should, however, not forget that ... . Тем не менее, не следует
забывать, что ... .
36. If
on the one hand it can be said that ... the same is not true for ... . И
если с одной стороны, можно сказать, что ... , то же самое нельзя сказать о ...
.
37. On
the other hand, … .
С другой стороны, ... .
38. Although
… . Хотя ... .
39. Besides,
… . Кроме того, ... .
40. Moreover,
… . Более того, … .
41. Furthermore,
one should not forget that ... . Кроме того, не следует забывать, что ... .
42. In
addition to ... . Кроме (того, что) ... .
43. Nevertheless,
one should accept that ... . Тем не менее, следует признать, что ... .
44. However,
we also agree that ... . Однако, мы также согласны с тем,
что ... .
Подкрепить свою мысль можно
мнением (неких абстрактных) экспертов.
45. Experts... Эксперты ...
...
believe that … . ...
считают, что … .
... say that … . ... говорят, что … .
... suggest that … . ... предполагают, что … .
... are convinced that … . ... убеждены, что … .
... point out
that … . ... отмечают,
что
… .
... emphasize
that … . ...
подчеркивают,
что
… .
- 46. According to some experts... По мнению некоторых экспертов, ... .47. Perhaps we should also point out the fact that ... . Возможно, нам также следует отметить тот факт, что ... .48. It would be unfair not to mention that fact that ... . Было бы несправедливо не упомянуть тот факт, что ... .49. One must admit that ... . Надо признать, что ... .50. We cannot ignore the fact that ... . Мы не можем игнорировать тот факт, что ... .
- 51. One cannot possibly accept the fact that ... . Трудно смириться с тем фактом, что ... .52. From these facts, one may conclude that ... . Из этих фактов, можно сделать вывод (о том), что ... .53. Which seems to confirm the idea that ... . Что, по-видимому, подтверждает мысль (о том), что ... .54. Thus, ... / Therefore,... Таким образом, ... / Поэтому ... .55. The most common argument against this is that ... .Наиболее распространенным аргументом против этого является то, что ... .
В заключении эссе
делаете вывод.
- 56. In conclusion, I can say that although … , … . В заключение я могу сказать, что, хотя ... , ... .57. To draw the conclusion, one can say that … . Подводя итог, можно сказать, что ... .58. So it’s up to everybody to decide whether … or not. Так что каждый должен решить для себя ... ли … , или нет.59. The arguments we have presented ... suggest that ... / prove that ... / would indicate that ... . Представленные нами аргументы ... предполагают, что ... / доказывают, что ... / указывают на то, что ... .60. From these arguments one must ... / could... / might ... conclude that ... . Исходя из этих аргументов, надо ... / можно ... / можно было бы ... прийти к заключению о том, что ... .
Варианты ГИА 9-й класс
Вариант 1 экзамена по
английскому языку в формате ГИА
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бщие
пояснения к предлагаемым вариантам экзаменационной работы
При
ознакомлении с предлагаемыми вариантами работ следует иметь в виду,
что задания, включенные в них, не отражают всех вопросов
содержания, которые будут проверяться с помощью вариантов реальных
контрольно-измерительных материалов (КИМ). Полный перечень элементов
содержания, которые могут контролироваться на экзамене, приведен
в кодификаторе, помещенном на сайте www.fipi.ru.
Назначение
предлагаемых вариантов заключается в том, чтобы дать возможность любому
участнику экзамена и широкой общественности составить представление
о структуре будущей экзаменационной работы, числе и форме заданий,
а также их уровне сложности. Приведенные критерии оценки выполнения
заданий с развернутым ответом, включенные в тот или иной вариант,
позволят составить представление о требованиях к полноте
и правильности развернутого ответа.
Инструкция
по выполнению работы
Экзаменационная
работа по английскому языку состоит из двух частей (письменной
и устной) и включает 25 заданий.
Сначала выполняется письменная часть, требующая заполнения экзаменуемым соответствующих пунктов задания на специальном бланке. На её выполнение отводится 1,5 часа (90 мин). В этой части работы предлагается выполнить 23 задания, которые даны в следующей последовательности.
В Разделе 1
(задания по аудированию) предполагается прослушивание нескольких
текстов и выполнение 5 заданий на понимание услышанного.
Рекомендуемое время на выполнение данного раздела — 20 минут.
Раздел 2
(задания по чтению) включает 5 заданий, которые позволят оценить
понимание прочитанных текстов. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение
заданий — 20 минут.
Раздел 3
(задания по грамматике и лексике) состоит из 12 заданий. Рекомендуемое вре
мя на выполнение раздела — 20 минут.
В Разделе 4
(задание по составлению письма) предусмотрено 1 задание,
предлагающее написать личное письмо. Черновые пометки делаются
непосредственно на листе с заданиями (они не оцениваются),
полный вариант письменного ответа записывается на отдельном листе.
Рекомендуемое время на выполнение — 30 минут.
Рекомендуется
выполнять задания в том порядке, в котором они даны.
Устная
часть экзамена состоит из двух заданий — монологическое
высказывание по за данной теме и диалог-расспрос (беседа
в ситуациях повседневного общения). Время устного ответа 6 минут
на одного учащегося.
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите
5 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого
говорящего 1-5 и утверждениями, данными в списке A-F.
Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей буквой, только
один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
В1
The speaker talks about famous British A. national game B. games with the same name C. pastime and sport D. sport competitions E. game named after school F. outdoor and indoor sports
Вы услышите
разговор мужчины и полицейского. Определите, какие из приведённых
утверждений А1-А4 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True),
какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём
в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя
дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not
stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите
запись дважды.
A1
Two friends agreed to meet at the store twenty yeas ago. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
А2
Jimmy decided to go to the West with his friend. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A3
The speaker believed that his friend Jimmy would come. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
А4
Jimmy became a policeman. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
Раздел 2. Чтение
Прочитайте
информацию для студентов, только что приехавших в летнюю школу.
Установите соответствие между заголовками A-F и пронумерованными
абзацами текста 1-5. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте
каждую букву только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
В2
A. Safe solutions are still needed B. International efforts to stop pollution C. Science for nature protection D. Set to protect nature. E. Air pollution in the chain of global destruction. F. We are all elements of global ecosystem.
1. People have lived on our planet for many years.
We may live on different continents and in different
countries, but we all depend on our planet, on the sun,
on animals and plants around us. We must take care of Earth
but not destruct wildlife. Many species of animals and birds are
disappearing nowadays. We cut down trees to make furniture, but
we forget that people can’t live without trees and plants. Every little
creature or thing oh Earth plays its own part and makes our home
unique.
2. One of the biggest eco problems is pollution. The
main reason of pollution is rubbish Most of our rubbish goes
to big holes in the ground, called ’dumps’. But dumps are very
dangerous for our life, because they are full of rats, which can carry
infections away from dumps. Another way to get rid of rubbish
is to burn it. But the fires make poisons, which go into
the air and pollute it. This is the propel scientists should get
interested in. Such researchers are worth spending money on.
3. The Royal Society for the prevention of cruelty
to animals (the RSPCA) tries to protect animals from bad use.
It operates big nation campaigns aimed at lost pets and circus
animals. The World Wildlife Fund (The WWF) rescued several species
of animals mammals as well as birds. These organizations also
helped to create more than 25C National parks. Greenpeace began its work
20 years ago from saving whales. And now Greenpeace
is a world-famous organization, which saves plants, animals and
people.
4. Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about
1000 million tons ol dust and harmful substances. Many cities suffer
from smog. Vast forests are cut down and burn in fire. Their
disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result some rare
species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever,
a number of lakes and rivers dry up. The pollution of air
and the world destruction of the ozone layer is the result
of man’s careless interaction with nature, a sign
of ecological crises.
5. Numerous conferences have been held to discuss questions
of ecologically pool regions including the Aral Sea, the South Urals,
Kuzbass, Donbass, Seiriipalatsinsfc and Chernobyl. An international
environmental research center has been set up on Lake Baikal.
Scientists are also doing much to preserve the environment. But these
are only the initial steps that must be carried forward to protect
not only for the sake of the present but for the future generations.
Прочитайте
текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А5-А8
соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие
не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте
не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать
ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not
stated).
One of the most
significant dates during the reign of the Spanish Catholic Monarchs was
12th October 1492: the discovery of America by Christopher
Columbus.
The fact that Christopher
Columbus (who was not originally Spanish) appealed to a foreign
court to offer his services proved that the discovery of America
was not unexpected.
Portugal and Spain were
well-advanced in the exploration of overseas mercantile routes and
Sevilla, a wealthy Spanish city, was by then an important
commercial centre. We know that the African routes were closed
to Spain in favour of Portugal. In 1479, Alfonso
V of Portugal recognized the rights of Spain over the Canary
Islands, while Spain ^recognized the rights of Portugal over the Azores,
Cape Verde and Madeira.
The Canary Islands were
an excellent bridgehead for alternate routes. Unified Spain possessed
in 1492 a powerful war machine, a solid economy, naval
experience including the exploration of trade routes and notable
scientific-technical potential mathematicians, geographers, astronomers and
shipbuilders who had been formed in a melting-pot of three
cultures: Jews, Muslims and Christians. Its only rival was its neighbour,
Portugal, which, as we know, had put a stop to Spanish
expansion in Africa.
Columbus’ offer was rapidly
accepted, but during his journey to Asia his caravels unexpectedly came
across the American continent.
The Spanish were especially
well prepared by history to conquer, occupy, populate and exploit
new lands and assimilate new people. America thus became the new
frontier-land for those people used to its ways and with the military,
diplomats and administrative arms at their disposal to face the
challenge. By the middle of the 16th century, they had settled in the
two most important viceroyalties, Mexico on the Atlantic, and Peru
on the Pacific.
A5 Sevilla was the largest sea port and trade center of the
world.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A6 In the 15-th century it was the privilege of Portugal
to use African routes.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A7 By 1492 Spain had serious resourses to expand its world
influence
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A8 The Spanish were not ready to settle on the newly open
lands.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте
текст на картинке. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами
в конце строк, обозначенных номерами ВЗ-В9 так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию ВЗ-В9.
Аналогично предыдущему прочитайте текст на картинке ниже. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В10-В14 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию В10-В14.
Для ответа
на задание С1 используйте отдельный чистый лист.
При выполнении задания С1 особое внимание обратите на то, что ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным на отдельном листе. Никакие записи черно¬вика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма письма. Письма недостаточного объема, а также часть текста письма, превышающая требуемый объем — не оцениваются. На чистом листе вы указываете сначала номер задания С1, а потом пишете свой ответ.
С1
You have 30 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Frank.
... Yesterday I went
to our school library to prepare for my exam. Is there
a library at your school? Do you and your friends often take
books from the library? Why /why not? What kind of books are there in your
school library? ...
Write him a letter and
answer his 3 questions.
Write 80–100 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 5. Говорение
Вы получите
карточку, на которой представлены два задания для устного ответа: С2 —
тематическое монологическое высказывание, СЗ — диалог-расспрос.
Окончание выполнения каждого задания определяет экзаменатор. Во время
проведения этой части экзамена идёт постоянная запись вашего ответа.
Задания
для экзаменуемого
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Варианты ГИА 9-й класс
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